mRNA stability in mammalian cells

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Microbiol. Rev., Sep 1995, 423-450, Vol 59, No. 3
Copyright © 1995, American Society for Microbiology

mRNA stability in mammalian cells

J Ross
McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.

This review concerns how cytoplasmic mRNA half-lives are regulated and how mRNA decay rates influence gene expression. mRNA stability influences gene expression in virtually all organisms, from bacteria to mammals, and the abundance of a particular mRNA can fluctuate manyfold following a change in the mRNA half-life, without any change in transcription. The processes that regulate mRNA half-lives can, in turn, affect how cells grow, differentiate, and respond to their environment. Three major questions are addressed. Which sequences in mRNAs determine their half-lives? Which enzymes degrade mRNAs? Which (trans-acting) factors regulate mRNA stability, and how do they function? The following specific topics are discussed: techniques for measuring eukaryotic mRNA stability and for calculating decay constants, mRNA decay pathways, mRNases, proteins that bind to sequences shared among many mRNAs [like poly(A)- and AU-rich-binding proteins] and proteins that bind to specific mRNAs (like the c-myc coding-region determinant-binding protein), how environmental factors like hormones and growth factors affect mRNA stability, and how translation and mRNA stability are linked. Some perspectives and predictions for future research directions are summarized at the end.

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Lai, P. F.H, Mohamed, F., Monge, J.-C., Stewart, D. J (2003). Downregulation of eNOS mRNA expression by TNF{alpha}: identification and functional characterization of RNA-protein interactions in the 3'UTR. Cardiovasc Res 59: 160-168 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Hasler, U., Mordasini, D., Bianchi, M., Vandewalle, A., Feraille, E., Martin, P.-Y. (2003). Dual Influence of Aldosterone on AQP2 Expression in Cultured Renal Collecting Duct Principal Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 21639-21648 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Harada-Shiba, M., Takagi, A., Miyamoto, Y., Tsushima, M., Ikeda, Y., Yokoyama, S., Yamamoto, A. (2003). Clinical Features and Genetic Analysis of Autosomal Recessive Hypercholesterolemia. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88: 2541-2547 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Lai, W. S., Kennington, E. A., Blackshear, P. J. (2003). Tristetraprolin and Its Family Members Can Promote the Cell-Free Deadenylation of AU-Rich Element-Containing mRNAs by Poly(A) Ribonuclease. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23: 3798-3812 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Sbicego, S., Alfonzo, J. D., Estevez, A. M., Rubio, M. A. T., Kang, X., Turck, C. W., Peris, M., Simpson, L. (2003). RBP38, a Novel RNA-Binding Protein from Trypanosomatid Mitochondria, Modulates RNA Stability. Eukaryot Cell 2: 560-568 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Shao, R., Shi, Z., Gotwals, P. J., Koteliansky, V. E., George, J., Rockey, D. C. (2003). Cell and Molecular Regulation of Endothelin-1 Production during Hepatic Wound Healing. Mol. Biol. Cell 14: 2327-2341 [Abstract] [Full Text]

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